Shanghai, October 7

A New York judge has ordered the Bank of China (BoC) to hand over detailed information about Chinese bank accounts used by a counterfeiting ring that allegedly sold millions of dollars of fake Gucci handbags and wallets in the US.

The decision could have far-reaching impact on the ability of US courts to extract information about criminal activity from Chinese banks, which serve as safe havens for counterfeiters and money laundering on a large scale, investigations and lawsuits in the US and Europe show.

Chinese banks have put up a fierce fight, claiming that such disclosures would be an affront to China’s sovereignty. The case has drawn political attention from both sides, prompting inputs from both the Chinese Embassy in Washington and the US Justice Department.

At stake are fundamental questions about whose rules Chinese banks operating in the US must play by. Major state-run Chinese banks are frequently used by counterfeiters to move their ill-gotten gains beyond the reach of western law enforcement, the Associated Press showed in an article this year.

China’s financial system is also used to launder money, both by members of the Chinese diaspora and criminal groups of other nationalities, lawsuits and investigations in Europe and the US show. Yet, under China’s legal system, it’s difficult to get detailed banking records that can help investigators trace the flow of criminal profits and to freeze illicit funds.

In the Gucci case, US District Judge Richard Sullivan ruled that US courts have jurisdiction over the BoC, which has four branches in the United States and claims to be the top choice for US dollar wire transfers to and from China. Underlying his decision was a stinging dismissal of China’s legal system and existing international mechanisms for judicial information sharing.

“Forcing Gucci to initiate this process in China would be significantly less efficient, extremely time consuming, and potentially fruitless,” he wrote in the September 29 order.

Chinese banks have been facilitating payments for Chinese counterfeiters, said Geoffrey Potter, an intellectual property lawyer at New York’s Patterson Belknap Webb & Tyler. If the banks can be compelled to reveal details about client accounts, it will be more difficult for counterfeiters to do business.

“Counterfeiting is a crime committed in order to make money,” he said. “In order to get paid you need to be part of the banking system.”

The decision, which could be appealed, may ‘be helpful to other plaintiffs that want this type of information from the BoC in the future’, said Dan Plane, an intellectual property lawyer at Simone IP Services in Hong Kong.

But he cautioned that any victory, should the judgement stand, could prove hollow. The BoC is likely to disclose as little information as it can, while comforting its own customers with information about how to mitigate risks that may arise from disclosure, he said.

“It gets you over the initial hump, but there are still going to be challenges, particularly in actually collecting a damages award,” he said. “The biggest question of all is: Are you ever going to be able get your hands on counterfeiters’ funds in the control of Chinese banks?”