India's PM Modi faces election test as voting begins in Uttar Pradesh
- Northern state of Uttar Pradesh goes to polls
- PM Modi's party swept state in 2014 general election
- First big election test since Modi's cash crackdown
- Biggest election in the world this year
The Samajwadi Party, which runs Bihar and is led by 43-year-old Chief Minister Akhilesh Yadav, won a majority in the last state election, in 2012, with just 29 percent of the vote.
Yadav has formed an alliance with Rahul Gandhi of the Congress party that, polls show, will be tough to beat.
Ranking third, Mayawati, who ran the state from 2007 to 2012 and whose Bahujan Samaj Party draws its support from communities on the bottom rung of India's ancient caste hierarchy.
She has fielded a big crop of candidates from the Muslim minority that makes up 19 percent of the state's electorate. Polls show most Muslims siding with the ruling Samajwadi Party-Congress alliance, however.
Results from Uttar Pradesh, along with Punjab, Goa, Uttarakhand and Manipur, are due on March 11.