Opinion

The dual-engine pushback: How BRICS and SCO Summits challenged U.S. dominance

The overlapping outcomes of the New Delhi and Bishkek summits prove that the era of uncontested, unipolar dominance is definitively drawing to a close

By Binoj Basnyat

The global geopolitical landscape is undergoing a profound structural shift, marked by a coordinated pushback against the post-Cold War international order. This transition was fully on display during the concurrent September sessions of the 26th Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit in Bishkek and 18th BRICS Summit in New Delhi. While these two powerful blocs possess distinctly different structural DNA – BRICS operating as a transcontinental economic engine and the SCO as a Eurasian security apparatus – their recent final declarations delivered a highly synchronised, parallel assault on U.S. global leverage. Together, these summits signaled that the major economies of the Global South and the Eurasian heartland are no longer merely complaining about American dominance; they are actively building the infrastructure to bypass it. The combined strategic footprint of BRICS Plus and the SCO forms an unprecedented geopolitical powerhouse, commanding over 54% of the global population and nearly half (48%) of the world's economic output by purchasing power parity. This massive concentration of human capital and economic output is matched by a formidable defense posture, with the 17 unique nations across both blocs controlling over 42% of active global military personnel and four declared nuclear-armed states. By holding the keys to 45% of the planet's crude oil reserves and the lion's share of global manufacturing capacity, this dual-bloc framework possesses the structural leverage to effectively insulate itself from Western financial systems and redefine the terms of global governance. The most significant and synchronised outcome across both summits was the shift from political rhetoric about de-dollarisation to the implementation of concrete financial alternatives. For years, Washington's ability to weaponise the U.S. dollar and the SWIFT messaging network has served as its ultimate geopolitical leverage. In response, the New Delhi and Bishkek declarations targeted this exact vulnerability. At the BRICS Summit, the formal endorsement of 'BRICS Pay' – a decentralised financial messaging framework linking independent payment systems like India's UPI and China's CIPS – created a mechanism to clear cross-border trade entirely in national currencies. Simultaneously, in Bishkek, the SCO member states signed a declaration legally committing to expand local-currency trade settlements while accelerating plans for an independent SCO Development Bank. Even in the face of immediate threats from the U.S. administration to impose devastating 100% tariffs on nations abandoning the greenback, the message from New Delhi and Bishkek was clear: emerging markets are prioritising long-term economic autonomy over compliance with Washington. A second overlapping outcome was the explicit, institutional condemnation of unilateral economic sanctions. Both summits served as diplomatic and economic shields for heavily sanctioned states like Russia and Iran, demonstrating the limits of American coercive power. The BRICS final text explicitly condemned 'unilateral restrictive measures,' framing them as illegal disruptions to global supply chains. Mirroring this stance, the SCO's Bishkek communique went a step further, formally declaring that any unilateral sanctions not approved by the United Nations Security Council violate international law. By achieving a consensus on this issue, these forums have effectively neutralised the isolating effects of Western sanctions. The synchronised pushback also extended to the realm of international trade, where both blocs took direct aim at growing American protectionism and aggressive tariff policies. The Trump administration's willingness to disrupt global trade architectures to protect domestic industries has alienated both traditional U.S. adversaries and strategic partners alike. In New Delhi, BRICS members criticised unilateral trade barriers, positioning the expanded bloc as the true defender of balanced, resilient global supply chains. In Bishkek, the SCO echoed this sentiment, formally opposing unilateral protectionist walls and calling for an overhauled multilateral trading system that is not dictated by American economic self-interest. This shared stance reveals a profound irony: the very institutions once accused of subverting the global rules-based order are now presenting themselves as the guardians of globalised trade, offering smaller, export-reliant nations a buffer against erratic U.S. trade policies. Beyond economics, the parallel outcomes of both summits marked a sharp rejection of U.S. foreign policy and military maneuvers in the Middle East. Washington has long acted as the primary security arbiter in the region, a role that has faced intense global scrutiny amid escalating regional conflicts. The BRICS Summit successfully managed internal frictions between new members Iran, Egypt, and the UAE to produce a unified demand for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza and total regional de-escalation, serving as a collective critique of ongoing U.S. military support in the region. Meanwhile, the SCO Summit issued a highly aggressive communique, directly assailing American and Israeli military maneuvers as fundamental threats to international stability. The ability of both summits to unite historically conflicting regional actors, such as Iran and the Gulf States in BRICS, or India and Pakistan in the SCO, under a single, anti-interventionist stance represents a significant blow to U.S. diplomatic credibility in the region. The overlapping outcomes of the New Delhi and Bishkek summits prove that the era of uncontested, unipolar dominance is definitively drawing to a close. While the United States remains a formidable military and economic superpower, its ability to unilaterally dictate the terms of global finance, trade, and security is being steadily eroded. By weaponising the dollar, imposing sweeping sanctions, and retreating into economic protectionism, Washington has inadvertently driven the rest of the world into each other's arms. The dual engines of BRICS and the SCO have now provided the Global South, Middle East, Eurasia, and to some extent Africa with the institutional tools required to chart their own course. Basnyat is Maj. General (retd), Nepali Army