World Cup 2026

International assistance for flood disaster in Nepal: Need of introducing outcome-based education for its efficacy

By Jiba Raj Pokharel

It is very heartening to know that Nepal has been promised $ 20 million for the reconstruction of the Bhote Koshi Flood by the Fund for responding to Loss and Damage (FRLD). It was created in 2022 as a new financial instrument. Though it is like peanuts in view of the Nepali requirement of 4.75 billion it has certainly marked a beginning of the implementation of new international regime on loss and damage. This Fund has been created for assisting the developing countries which have suffered a disproportionately huge damage compared to little carbon emission on their part. It could be seen glaringly in Nepal whose contribution to climate change is less than 0.1 per cent. Consequently, Nepal has been favored with this out of turn allocation as the call was already made in Brazil last year during COP30. It was closed in last mid-July for which Nepal had not filed the application. Some 119 countries had applied submitting 176 funding requests amounting to $2.8 billion. It is a huge amount in view of the committed funding of 822 million. India also had made three requests totaling $52million. Developing countries have failed to honor their funding commitment as they have in meeting their greenhouse gas emission reduction targets. They had offered to mobilize $100 billion per year between 2020 and 2025 but many have not honored their pledges. The developing countries presented a requirement of 1.4 trillion per year in 2024 but the polluting developed countries have agreed to provide $300 billion per year only from 2035. It can thus be seen that the fund will be available in trickles though they are required in torments. Nepal should therefore use the funding at its disposal very judiciously and efficiently. People of all walks of life have to play a significant role in this regard, but those of the planners, architects and engineers is paramount indeed. The planners have to locate the settlement upstream from the river bank. The architects have to design buildings using climate resilient material like bamboo, stone and mud to the extent possible replacing climate injurious materials like cement and steel. The engineers in turn have to construct durable infrastructure for the newly created settlements. There is no dearth of planners, architects and engineers in Nepal who can take this reconstruction bull by the horn. Dr. Babu Ram Bhattarai, former Prime Minister is a planner and architect. He introduced many innovative measures such as polluter pays principle, widening of roads and the creation of a new Ministry of Urban Planning among others. The present Prime Minister Mr. Balen Shaha is a Civil Engineer who has shown how the modern construction can be carried out emulating architectural heritage. It can be visibly seen in the construction of new bus stops resembling the traditional rest houses. Then there are several professionals of both old and young generations who can transform the policy and advise of these twin celebrities and similar others into action. The Achilles heel of both the new and old generation of Nepali architectural and engineering professional is however the schooling based on the syllabus still following the traditional input based rather than outcome-based education. The courses are being revised customarily every decade or so but they have generally remained mired in the traditional morass. We are still reveling in saying what the teacher has taught instead of deliberating on what the student has learned. Our syllabus has been hopelessly teacher centered when it has to be student focused. Consequently, the degree of Nepali professionals is not recognized abroad with the result that the Nepali graduate and post graduate degree holders have to embarrassingly discharge the responsibility with renumeration of lower-level professionals. In order for our architects and planners to be recognized round the globe, the country has to be a member of the Washington Accord (WA), an international accrediting agency like Bangla Desh, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and India. Indonesia for instance worked day and night and obtained the membership in just three years. Soon after they sent more than 5000 professionals for foreign employment which reaped rich financial rewards for their country. Light has however been appearing in the other side of the engineering educational tunnel with the Nepal Engineering Council (NEC) taking the lead. It has signed a Memorandum of understanding with the prestigious National Institute of Technical Teachers' Training and Research Bhopal (NITTTR) which is a deemed to be university under Distinct Category. It has kindly agreed to be the mentor in order to pave a way for Nepal to obtain the provisional or full membership of WA. As a result, the trainers of NITTTR have rigorously trained faculties of many Architecture and Engineering branches in and outsides the country like in Pokhara, Kathmandu as well as Bhopal respectively. They belong to different universities spanning from Far Western University in the west to Purbanchal University in the east including the oldest Tribhuvan University. NEC and NITTTR have already made the necessary start. Now, the Prime Minister, the education minister and the Universities should support them morally and financially. All the campuses have to participate in this national endeavor with renewed energy and enthusiasm. Some late bloomers have yet to take part. But the university, campuses and faculty members that have participated in this national undertaking, have agreed to take a leading role for making this dream come true. As can be seen from the Indonesian example, it can be realized in a very short time if tried in unrest. Even if the older generation of the engineering professionals did not receive this golden opportunity, the new generation are certain to enjoy this privilege if we pursue it seriously. We should grab this opportunity being provided by the NEC, NTTTR and WA with both hands in order to promote Nepali architectural and Engineering education as well as its professionals at par with those of other countries round the globe.