Opinion

CREDOS: The Apology — I

CREDOS: The Apology — I

By Pranab M Singh

Although the conventional meaning of an apology is to ask pardon for a fault or offence, the Greek philosopher Plato in his dialogue, Apology, uses an older meaning. The word apology is derived directly from the Greek word apologia meaning a formal defence or reasoning for one’s actions. Upon reading the Apology, it is clear that Socrates is anything but apologetic for his actions. The Apology is regarded as the most accurate portrayal of Socrates and his philosophy amongst all of Plato’s work as it is an account of Socrates’ defence in an Athenian court before an Athenian jury of over 500 people. Socrates mentions Plato by name twice in the dialogue itself, attesting to his presence during the trials. In most of his other dialogues Socrates rarely makes a stand. He rather prefers a method of questioning, answering and countering to bring about new thoughts from his listeners. However, the Apology is unique in that Socrates largely states his own stance and views. The trial occurs because Socrates’ prosecutors bring him up on cha-rges of corrupting the youth of the city and not believing in the Gods of the city. Further, Socrates mentions that most of the accusations labelled at him are based on his reputation derived from a fictitious and unjust play, Clouds, by the playwright Aristophanes. Underlying all these charges is the informal charge of sophism. In other words, he is accused of making weak arguments stronger by using embroidered and stylised phrases.