Opinion

Girija 'epoch' :From monarchy to republic, unitary to federal

Girija 'epoch' :From monarchy to republic, unitary to federal

By Birendras P Mishra

The late GP Koirala greeted with both bricks and bouquet during his long political career, ultimately succeeded in receiving unparallel homage not only from the common masses but also from his opponents. With the physical existence of GPK having been consigned to the flames on March 21, apprehension is there that his cherished goals of completing the peace process led by him and the adoption of the new all inclusive democratic constitution may evaporate gradually too. His prolonged ailment made him physically ineffective and also made the movement sluggish towards attaining the goals. It is no exaggeration to say that the last two decades may be called Girija’s epoch as he remained very active in politics, both inside and outside of the party, keeping himself at the center of power by becoming prime minister several times to the chief of the party politics till his last breath. Besides being the prime minister, he had the opportunity to officiate as head of the state after the nation was declared a republic in 2008. His chequered political life can be divided into two parts. The first covers his involvement in labour movement at Biratnagar jute mill to the first people’s movement of 1990. During this period, he wore a simple dress consisting of shirt and pants with the evident readiness to fight for his cause with the royalists and the communists. After the demise of BP Koirala, he was brought to the forefront to form a troika consisting of late Ganeshman Singh and KP Bhattarai. After becoming elected PM in 1991, after People’s Movement of 1990, he not only switched over to the national dress, but also became a shrewd politician. Politics being a cruel game, he strategically sidelined senior leaders like late Ganeshman Singh and KP Bhattarai. He preferred to dissolve the Lower House of parliament prematurely than to surrender before a group of thirty-six MPs opposing him. His party suffered badly in the mid-term poll of 1994 and local bodies elections in 1996. The election resulted in a hung House. At that juncture, he did not hesitate in accepting SB Thapa as Prime Minster of the coalition government for capturing power from LB Chand. After the third general election in 1999, KP Bhattarai was appointed PM, but was not allowed to complete even one year in office. And he became PM to make room for SB Deuba, who after dividing the party dissolved the House to hold fresh elections amidst Maoist insurgency. Since he failed to hold the election on time the King dismissed him on October 4, 2002. The second part of his career begins after the royal takeover in October 2002. Perhaps, taking lessons from earlier events, he took a new political incarnation. Using his organizing instinct, he began to bring all parties together, starting with four to seven, forming the Seven-party Alliance (SPA) to fight the new king who did not want to function as a constitutional monarch. SPA rallied behind him, who decided to hold dialogue with the insurgents, and the SPA signed a 12-point understanding with the CPN-Maoist. He spearheaded the 19 day People’s Movement-2 forcing the king to step down surrendering all powers that he had usurped earlier. The dissolved Lower House was restored and he was made PM again. After declaring a ceasefire, the Comprehensive Peace Accord was signed; and the legislative parliament was constituted with the participation of the Maoists. The Interim Constitution was adopted and the interim government was formed to hold the Constituent Assembly (CA) election. The CA declared Nepal a federal democratic republic. Accordingly, the President and Vice President were elected and Maoist president, “Prachanda”, led the new government. He resigned on the issue of his decision to dismiss the CoAS Katawal being annulled by the president. A new government took over with Madhav Kumar Nepal as the prime minister. Sujata Koirala was made foreign minister, who was, later on, designated as Deputy Prime Minister as well. Meanwhile, the CA is without any business due to lack of consensus on some vital issues. Paying last homage to him, the media and leaders have rightly evaluated him as the towering personality. Strictly speaking, the political height of a leader is judged comparatively by the height of other contemporary leaders. His height is considered towering because of the unimpressive performances of the others. GPK’s positive contribution reached its height only when he began to give stiff opposition to the king, sidelining his own interest, when all leaders were found bowing down before the monarch. Death is crueler than politics indeed. It does not allow all ambitions to be fulfilled. Perhaps, his last ambition of making his daughter the prime minister remained unfulfilled. It is up to his daughter to get his last wish fulfilled and the leaders of all political parties to complete the peace process and the adoption of the new democratic constitution by reaching consensus for which he strived till his last breath. May god give peace to the departed soul. Prof. Mishra is currently associated with Civil Campaign for Democracy