Governments across Europe are trying to navigate between avoiding the spread of the novel coronavirus over the Christmas holiday season and allowing people to celebrate with family and friends.

Here are measures that will be adopted for year-end festivities by some European countries:

SWEDEN

Interior Minister Mikael Damberg said on December 21 the country would shut the border with Denmark from midnight for one month, citing fears that harsh lockdown measures in Denmark may spur its citizens to flock to Sweden for Christmas shopping.

IRELAND

Three households will be allowed to meet between December 18 and January 6, and the country-wide travel ban will be lifted for that period. The restaurants, pubs serving food and some shops will be shut starting on Christmas Eve.

BRITAIN

People living in England in tier 4 areas will not be allowed to mix with others over Christmas. Everyone else will be allowed to see family and friends only on December 25.

In Wales, two households will be able to mix on Christmas Day.

Scotland imposed a ban on travel to the rest of the country. The Christmas easing of measures will be limited to December 25.

ITALY

will be placed under a nationwide lockdown for much of the winter holidays. Non-essential shops will be shuttered between December 24-27, December 31-January 3 and January 5-6. People will be allowed to travel only for work, health or emergency reasons.

Pope Francis's Christmas Eve Mass will start two hours earlier, allowing the limited number of people who can attend to be home by 10 pm

POLAND

will extend the closing of schools, restaurants and sports centres to hotels, ski slopes and shopping malls from December 28 to January 17. There will be a curfew on New Year's Eve from 7 pm to 6 am the day after.

SWITZERLAND

Restaurants, sports and recreation centres will be closed for a month from December 22, with shops to stay open with a further limited capacity.

CROATIA

Croats won't be able to leave the county of their residence between December 23 and January 8. No more than 10 people from maximum two households will be allowed at private gatherings during the holiday season.

PORTUGAL

The overnight curfew will be pushed back from 11 pm to 2 am on December 24 and December 25, with no limit on how many people can gather per household for Christmas. The curfew will be kept at 11 p.m on New Year's Eve.

SPAIN

Curfews will be loosened and up to 10 people per household will be allowed to gather for Christmas and New Year as a general rule.

Movement between regions will be restricted to visits of family and close friends between December 23 and January 6, unless the regions impose tougher rules.

DENMARK

Shopping malls will be closed from December 17 with the exception of supermarkets and food shops, from December 25, as part of a hard lockdown over Christmas and the New Year.

BULGARIA

will keep secondary schools, shopping malls, gyms and restaurants closed and group tourist visits banned until January 31. However, hotel restaurants will reopen on December 22 at 50% of their capacity and only until 10 pm

THE NETHERLANDS

has gone into a hard five-week lockdown. Gatherings are limited to two people with a temporary relief raising the limit to three adult visitors over three days around Christmas.

CZECH REPUBLIC

Restaurants, hotels and indoor sports venues were shut again on December 18, and an 11 pm curfew will be in place.

GERMANY

will only keep essential shops open from December 16 until at least January 10. Private gatherings will remain limited to no more than five people from two households, with rules to be eased over the Christmas holidays when up to 10 people will be allowed to gather, not counting children.

GREECE

Hair salons and bookstores will reopen during Christmas, while other restrictions will remain in place until January 7.

Churches will open for the Christmas and Epiphany masses on December 25 and January 6, with a limited number of worshippers.

FRANCE

will lift its stay-at-home order on December 15 and replace it with a nightly curfew, which will be waived for Christmas Eve.

HUNGARY

cancelled New Year's Eve celebrations and restrictions and will maintain restrictions until January 11.

NORWAY

Norwegians will be able to invite up to 10 guests on two separate occasions between Christmas and New Year.

BELGIUM

Households will only be able to be in close contact with one extra person over Christmas. People living on their own will be able to meet two others. Fireworks will be banned on New Year's Eve.