Kathmandu, August 23:

A roadside emergency can happen any time, whether your car is new or old. A range of problems can cause it, from a tire puncture or mechanical breakdown to running out of fuel.

At best, it’s an annoyance. At worst, it can compromise your safety. Being prepared with a basic emergency kit can increase your safety, reduce stress, and help you get back on the road faster.

Even if you have roadside-assistance coverage or an automobile-club membership with roadside assistance, you usually need access to a phone in order to contact them and you may have to wait on the side of the road for an hour or more before help arrives.

That’s why it’s a good idea that drivers carry certain items in their vehicle, even if it only gets used for everyday, around-town driving.

This basic kit can be supplemented with additional items if you go on a long-distance trip or have to deal with winter weather conditions.

It’s also important to make periodic checks on the equipment to ensure it’s in working order that the spare tire is properly inflated, batteries are not discharged, first-aid supplies are current, water is fresh, and food is dry. In addition, be familiar with how each tool works, from the cellular phone to the jack, before you need to use it in an emergency.

Basic Kit

This kit is intended to aid you in getting help, signalling your car’s presence to other motorists, and tackling simple challenges.

Cellular phone

It’s not wise that you talk on a cell phone while driving, but in an emergency, this can be the single most valuable component of your kit. Keep a car charger handy. This device plugs into the cigarette lighter or other power point in the car and charges the battery of your cell phone. When travelling, it’s best to leave your cell phone on and, if applicable, leave the retractable antenna extended.

First-aid kit

Choose one that allows you to treat a range of problems, from small cuts or burns to ones that require major bandaging. Its better if you get familiar with how to use the kit before you need to.

Fire extinguisher

A car fire can start from something as simple as a wiring short circuit or leaking oil. You should get away from a vehicle that’s on fire as quickly as possible. Still, for extra security it’s good to keep a fire extinguisher in the car that can be used in any emergency or to quickly douse a small flame that’s just begun. The quicker a fire can be put out, the less damage it will cause.

Warning light, hazard triangle, or flares

If your vehicle is stuck on the side of the road, it’s vital that you give other motorists warning of its presence, especially at night. Look for a battery-powered warning light that can be placed far from the vehicle. Reflective hazard triangles and flares are also effective and don’t need batteries.

Tire gauge

This should be used on a monthly basis to check the inflation pressure in all four tires and the spare tire. Because the ambient temperature affects tire pressure, it’s also advisable to check the pressure after a significant change in temperature.

Jack and lug wrench

Almost all vehicles come with these items for changing a tire. Refer to your owner’s manual on where they’re located in the vehicle and how to use them. Models that come with run-flat tires do not have a spare tire. Run-flat tires can be driven a limited number of miles with little or no air in them. They have very stiff sidewalls, which provide support when the tire is deflated.

Foam tire sealant and plug kit

For minor punctures, a foam tire sealant can get your vehicle back on the road quickly. Only use it in an emergency, however, many tire shops will refuse to repair the tire because of the sticky residue these sealants leave inside it. Be sure to choose a sealant that’s labelled as non-flammable, and don’t consider this a permanent fix. A portable DC-powered air compressor can also be used to inflate a tire-and is especially handy for one that suffers from a slow leak. To fix a puncture, however, you need to have it professionally repaired.

Spare fuses

If you experience an electrical problem, your first check should be for a burned-out fuse. These are easy to check and replace by referring to your owner’s manual. Keep an assortment on hand of the proper type for your vehicle.

Jumper cables

Jumper cables are easy to use as long as you have a second car available to provide a jump. Refer to your owner’s manual for instructions. A portable battery booster eliminates the need for a second car.

Flashlight

This can be critical at night. Choose one that is bright and weatherproof. In addition, a flashlight with a magnet, flexible mounting system, or a stand will free up your hands for other tasks. Also, have extra batteries and a bulb available.

Gloves, hand cleaner, and clean rags

Even the simplest jobs can get your hands dirty. Having these on hand will help keep that dirt from getting on your clothes.

Pen and pad of paper

This can come in handy for a range of uses, from leaving a note on the windshield should you have to leave your car to jotting down information after an accident.

Additional Kits for Long-distance Driving

For long trips, especially those through remote areas, add following items to your basic emergency kit:

Basic tools: This includes a set of socket and open-end wrenches, a multi-tip screwdriver, and pliers. It should be enough to perform simple jobs such as changing a light bulb, tightening battery cables, and so on.

Coolant hose repair kit and tape: A leaking coolant hose can sideline your vehicle quickly and possibly cause engine damage from overheating. Often, a leaking hose is a simple fix if you have the right items. They can be bought at any major auto-parts store.

Extra clothes and small tarpaulin: Even if all you do is change a tire, these items can help keep your regular clothes clean.

Water and non-perishable emergency food: Bring enough food and water to sustain you and any passengers for at least a meal, longer for remote areas or in extreme hot/cold regions.