Kathmandu:

Periodontics is not that familiar a name among most Nepali folks. Developed some centuries back in the western world, this time tested branch of dentistry zeroes in on the treatment of diseases related with gums. Although a relatively new concept in Nepal, its popularity among patients with the disease seems to be gradually on the rise.

Gum diseases are mostly insidious in character and are basically caused by bacterial infection in the mouth.

We often overlook until the problem reaches an advanced stage, or when the pain in gums exacerbates. However, neglecting the disease for long could lead to a loss or weakening of our teeth.

Oral and systemic health share a close connection. Often, diabetes and kidney problems also entail the swelling of gums. Gums problems can also make us vulnerable to heart diseases, or worse, aggravate it.

Threat also lurks on pregnant women, who may give birth to pre-term and low birth weight babies if they do not treat the gum diseases on time. Says Rita Singh, a periodontist and lecturer,People’s Dental College, “Treatment of gum diseases at times also helps control physical ailments. For instance, treating the gum problem caused by diabetes helps lower the sugar level easily.”

Periodontal problems are mainly caused by bad oral hygiene- mostly incorrect brushing pattern. Singh suggests inculcating a habit of brushing correctly from childhood itself. “Most of us teach children many things on oral hygiene, but often overlook the basics. Most of us do not ourselves know the correct brushing method, which could be highly detrimental to our gum health. We may also have a receding gum due to incorrect brushing.” She also suggests giving our teeth a professional cleaning ideally once in six months. Smoking is a major risk factor for gum problems and may also run in the family.

X-Ray reports determine the scale of gum problem. Non-surgical treatment is adopted in an early stage. However, a surgical operation is required for advanced cases.

“In Nepal we lack a satisfactory referral system among many dentists. They often overlook or fail to recognise that many gum problems need specialised treatment. Lack of awareness on this matter has cost many patients their valuable teeth,”she says.

However, she also highlights the need of high motivation among patients for a successful treatment, especially since the treatment involves changing our daily habits.

Precautions

1) Brushing correctly.

2) Professional cleaning once in six months.

3) Treatment of gum problems immediately.

4) Correct use of dental floss and toothpicks.

Signs and symptoms of gum problem

1) Bleeding gums

2) Change in colour or texture of gums.

3) Foul breath

4) Gap between teeth

5) Loosening of teeth

6) Pain in advanced stages